Guided Exploration of Iterative Schedule Modifications: A Design Study on Railway Traction Unit Scheduling

Authors

Andreas Zajic (VRVis Research Center), Vera Hechtl (VRVis Research Center), Cornelia Geischläger (dwh GmbH), Maximilian Kunovjanek-Bachler (OeBB), Thomas Hulka (VRVis Research Center), Anna-Lena Penk (VRVis Research Center), Belma Turan (OeBB), Nadine Schwab (TU Wien), Maximilian Viehauser (TU Wien), Helwig Hauser (University of Bergen), Kresimir Matkovic (VRVis Research Center)

Presentation

Session

Making things visual in science and engineering

Time

Tuesday, Nov 10, 13:00 – 13:12 (US/Eastern) · session 13:00 – 14:30

Location

Hall Essex center

Keywords

Visual analytics, guided exploration, railway scheduling.

Abstract

Traction unit scheduling in large railway networks involves complex operational constraints: multi-objective optimization produces feasible circulation plans under ideal assumptions, while simulation is required to assess their robustness under realistic operating conditions. A critical refinement mechanism relies on crossing operations, in which co-located traction units exchange their remaining schedules to reduce delay propagation. The space of possible crossing sequences, however, grows exponentially. Existing tools provide limited support for identifying promising candidates, evaluating their impact, and managing the resulting exploration. We present an interactive visual exploration approach that tightly couples schedule visualization, simulation-based evaluation, and a three-level guidance mechanism to support the systematic exploration and interactive optimization of traction unit circulation plans. The system renders the circulation plan in its domain-familiar form and integrates simulation results to expose delay propagation directly within the planning context. A three-level guidance framework aggregates crossing candidates spatially and ranks them by estimated impact on key performance indicators (KPIs) at an overview level, while exposing detailed per-candidate evaluation at a detail level to support informed decision-making. Applying a crossing change triggers an automatic schedule recomputation and re-simulation, with a provenance-based history mechanism enabling the non-linear exploration of alternative modification paths. We demonstrate the approach through real-world use case scenarios and report substantial reductions in the time and effort required to identify and evaluate promising schedule modifications compared to the current workflow.

For Practitioners

Railway scheduling experts, as well as any process scheduling experts where processes are interconnected and too complex for a pure automatic optimization.