VIS 2022 was the 26th year of VIS, but in many ways it was a year of firsts: the first in-person meeting post-pandemic and the first hybrid VIS. Throw in the uncertainty of a change in both venue and organizational team leading to shortened planning time plus a dash of global uncertainty, and you have a wonderful blend of chaos and excitement.

One thing that people who have never witnessed the inner workings of a conference might not realize is just how complex and expensive the entire conference can be. Fiscal decisions range from as massive as choosing a venue to as small as choosing whether to have bagels or pastries for breakfast on a given day. In this blog, we’re aiming to provide some transparency into the income and expenses associated with VIS 2022. This transparency is in part in service to the community so participants know where their money goes. The goal of this post is to provide an approximate, high-level breakdown of IEEE VIS income and costs.

TL;DR: We didn’t bankrupt VIS! All kidding aside, with a lot of careful fiscal dialog and almost constant eyes on spending, supporters, and registration (using many uncertainty visualization and thanks to the experience of the Finance chairs), we ended up running a surplus of ~$140,000 (roughly 20%) for VIS 2022. This surplus will support other VGTC initiatives, including providing additional support for VIS 2024. The figure below summarizes the major funds and expenditures for the conference.

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Income

Income Category	Income
Registration	$513,000
Supporters	$122,000
Surplus Reinvestment	$39,000
VGTC	$25,000
Other	$10,000
Total	$709,000

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Costs

Cost Category	Cost
Food and Beverage	$190,000
A/V	$168,000
Administrative Services	$74,000
Conference Management	$34,000
Travel Expenses	$32,000
Onsite Expenses	$31,000
Publication Fees	$14,000
Facilities/Venue	$7,000
Miscellaneous	$15,000
Total	$565,000

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Context

VIS 2022 was a hybrid conference, offering synchronous online and in-person participation. We hosted the conference in Oklahoma City, OK, USA with a total of 1,302 attendees (614 in-person, 496 paid virtual, and 192 complimentary virtual via the Diversity & Inclusivity program). The conference ran from October 16–21 and included workshops, panels, tutorials, keynotes, and paper sessions. A mid-week reception was held at the First American’s Museum.

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Sources of Funds

VGTC

VGTC allocates a proportion of their budget annually to support VGTC conferences. Their ~$25,000 contribution helped support PCS, the Doctoral Colloquium, Student Volunteers, Diversity fellowships, and VISKids.

Registration

The biggest source of uncertainty and income (~$513,000) came from registration. We ended up with 952 paid registrants: 514 in-person and 438 online. Registration fees were kept in line with past conferences, and complimentary registration was offered to some participants to support diversity and inclusivity.

Supporters

Supporters provided ~$122,000 in funds in exchange for visibility and participation opportunities at the conference. New sponsors, including local OKC contributors, helped boost support to one of the highest levels in recent years.

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Expenditures

Facilities

Hosted at the Omni Hotel and the First American’s Museum, facilities cost was relatively low at ~$7,000.

A/V

A hybrid conference meant significant A/V demands, totaling ~$168,000. Prioritization of events and volunteer support helped keep costs down.

Food & Beverage

Catering included breakfast, coffee breaks, and a mid-week reception, totalling ~$190,000.

Publication Support

Costs for publication systems and services came to ~$13,000.

Attendee Support

This included testing kits, diversity registrations, volunteer support, and hotel subsidies, totaling ~$47,000.

Administrative Services

IEEE administrative consulting and coordination cost ~$59,000.

Miscellaneous

Included advertising, planning, and supporter program management: ~$15,000.

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In Summary…

VIS 2022 was a financial success, thanks to better-than-expected attendance, affordable venues, strong support, and massive volunteer contributions. Hybrid conferences are expensive and complex but can succeed with careful planning and community support. We invite continued conversation about future VIS formats.

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Danielle Albers Szafir, UNC-Chapel Hill

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As IEEE VIS Overall Papers Chairs, we’ve observed a troubling pattern that undermines the integrity of our peer review process: papers rejected from one venue being resubmitted to the next with minimal or no revisions. While we understand the frustration of rejection, this practice damages our community and wastes our most precious resource: the time and goodwill of our people.

Yes, there is such a thing as Reviewer Roulette. Sometimes individual reviewers significantly impact a paper’s fate, and sometimes excellent work gets unfairly rejected. However, attributing every rejection to a “grumpy Reviewer 2” represents a cynical dismissal of the peer review process. This mindset prevents authors from extracting value from critical feedback and improving their work. It’s the same mindset as the willful child who never accepts blame and thus never learns and grows.

When a paper gets rejected, the fault often lies at least partly with the authors. Even groundbreaking research can fail to communicate its contributions effectively. If reviewers misunderstand your work, that signals a communication failure that you need to address. While it can feel frustrating that your brilliant work is rejected because of a trivial concern, this is the nature of the game at the top tier of academia.

So before you dismiss that negative review out of hand, consider this: a colleague volunteered hours of their time to read your paper carefully and provide detailed feedback. They did this without compensation. And the words they wrote were intended for you alone, likely never to see the light of day. Dismissing these comments without consideration not only disrespects this selfless labor, but it squanders an opportunity for improvement.

Reviewing represents significant labor that keeps our conferences and journals running. When authors submit unfinished papers “just to get reviews,” they impose substantial costs on the community. It’s even worse when they resubmit work unchanged to a new venue because this means that prior reviews are then effectively wasted. Each submission triggers hours of work from multiple reviewers, area chairs, and program committees. Ignoring this labor isn’t sustainable.

We’ve previously discussed these concerns in our post The Cost of Submission, but the issue persists. As OPCs and APCs, we regularly encounter papers that appear virtually unchanged from previous submissions. Many reviewers have reported similar experiences, often recognizing papers they’ve reviewed before at other venues.

If you’re reviewing a paper that seems familiar, speak up. (Note that while IEEE allows this practice, it seems that the ACM does not. That’s a bad call by the ACM for all the reasons outlined here.) In our view, you’re uniquely positioned to assess whether authors have addressed previous feedback. Including this observation in your review is not only appropriate but actively helpful to the process. Tell your fellow reviewers and PC members if a paper appears unchanged from a previous submission—and if you want to avoid being confrontational, add it to the private section of the review form. You may even copy and paste your old review unchanged; if the authors did not invest any effort into revising their work, why should you invest effort in reviewing it anew?

For authors, we offer this guidance: at minimum, address the surface-level comments from your reviews. Fix the typos, clarify the confusing passages, and strengthen the weak arguments that reviewers identified. Better yet, engage seriously with substantive criticism. When reviewers question your methodology, challenge your assumptions, or identify gaps in your evaluation, give this feedback due consideration. Sometimes reviewers are wrong, but more often they’re highlighting genuine weaknesses that, once addressed, will strengthen your contribution.

The peer review system, despite its flaws, remains our best mechanism for maintaining research quality. It depends on mutual respect between authors and reviewers. Authors deserve thoughtful and constructive feedback. Reviewers deserve to see their efforts valued through meaningful revisions. We can create a virtuous cycle where careful reviews lead to better papers, which inspire more thoughtful reviewing. Or we can spiral into a system where cynical resubmissions breed resentful reviews, degrading the process for everyone. The choice is ours.

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Otto Neurath and the ISOTYPE - 100 Years of Visual Language

We could not have picked a more fitting year for IEEE VIS in Vienna!

2025 is a special anniversary year celebrating the development of a visual language. One hundred years ago, Otto Neurath (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Neurath) and his team in Vienna began developing what would become the ISOTYPE - short for the International System of Typographic Picture Education. What started in the context of post-World War I Austria as a practical method for educating the public about social and economic conditions has since become an important reference point in the history of visual communication.

Otto Neurath (1882-1945) was an Austrian philosopher, sociologist, and political economist. He is still widely known for his work with the Vienna Circle, a group of logical positivists who sought to clarify philosophical problems through the tools of science and language. After working on housing reform and public education in Vienna during the 1920s, he founded the Museum of Society and Economy in Vienna. His main aim was to visually present statistical and social data using standardized pictograms rather than text or abstract graphs. He was not just interested in aesthetics; many of the people Otto Neurath hoped to reach had limited literacy or formal education. He intended the visual format to be more inclusive, immediate, and easily comparable across languages.

ISOTYPES (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotype_(picture_language)) consists of standardized and abstracted pictorial symbols representing social-scientific data. They have specific guidelines for combining identical figures using serial repetition. For example, a single symbol (e.g., a figure representing 1,000 workers) would be repeated across the image rather than scaled proportionally, like pie charts or bar graphs. Otto Neurath worked closely with the German artist Gerd Arntz, who developed a coherent set of pictograms. Arntz’s symbols were deliberately geometric and straightforward, designed to be easily reproduced and recognizable even at small sizes. Marie Neurath, Otto’s later wife, was also crucial in shaping the ISOTYPE method and led much of its development after his death. ISOTYPES are often referred to as the Vienna Method of Pictorial Statistics.

Although the ISOTYPE method is often associated with its graphic output, Neurath saw it as part of a broader project called visual education. He was interested in how people learn from images and how knowledge could be structured visually - not just to inform but to shape public understanding. He explicitly rejected the idea of “illustrating” text; for him, the image should carry the content independently without requiring a written explanation. The underlying principles of the ISOTYPE system still resonate in today’s visualization guidelines. As a visual depiction of data visualization is central to communicating science, policy, and social change, it is helpful to revisit Otto Neurath’s work and his contribution to education.

IEEE VIS 2025 in Vienna, a century later, will be the perfect venue to remember Otto Neurath’s work.

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Last August, our community faced a serious ethics violation that led to the rejection of three conditionally accepted papers in the last round. The issue arose when a program committee (PC) member, serving as the primary reviewer for all three papers, failed to disclose a significant conflict of interest: one of the authors was their former Ph.D. advisor, a lifetime conflict in our field. We now want to update the community on the outcome of this matter and use it to sound a cautionary note for us all.

Over the past few months, both IEEE VIS leadership and IEEE itself have been addressing this issue. While we have little insight into the IEEE side, we wanted to let you all know that the IEEE VIS Steering Committee (VSC) has now agreed on disciplinary action for the offending PC member. This person—whose identity has been protected from all but the VIS OPCs, the TVCG EiC, and the VSC chairs—has been barred from publishing at or reviewing for VIS for two years, starting with VIS 2025. This includes not being allowed to present TVCG papers at the conference. The person has been notified of this penalty by the VSC chairs. After the end of two years, the slate will be wiped clean.

We hope that this decision will bring closure to both the authors of the three rejected papers, who were blameless in all of this, as well as the community as a whole.

Let this outcome also serve as a cautionary tale for all members of the VIS community to take conflicts of interest very seriously. Our rules, which are captured in the IEEE VGTC Reviewer Ethics Guidelines, are very clear, but we will nevertheless reproduce them here.

You have a conflict with a paper if:

• You are a co-author of the work.
• You have a strong affiliation with the same institution as one of the authors. This includes, but not limited to your current employment as a professor, adjunct professor, visiting professor, or similar position, in the role of a consulting or advisory arrangement, previous employment with the institution within the last 12 months, being considered for employment at the institution, any role as an officer, governing board membership, or relevant committee, or the current enrollment as a student.
• You have been directly involved in the work and will be receiving credit in some way. If you’re a member of the author’s thesis committee, and the paper is about his or her thesis work, then you were involved.
• You suspect that others might see a conflict of interest in your involvement. For example, even though Microsoft Research in Seattle and Beijing are in some ways more distant than Berkeley and MIT, there is likely to be a perception that they are “both Microsoft” and folks from one should not review papers from the other.
• You have collaborated with one of the authors in the past three years (more or less). Collaboration is usually defined as having written a paper, book or grant proposal together, although you should use your judgement.
• You were the MS/PhD advisor of one of the authors or the MS/PhD advisee of one of the authors. Funding agencies typically consider advisees to represent a lifetime conflict of interest.
• You are related to one of the co-authors. This includes, but not limited to spouse, child, sibling, or parent, as well as any affiliation or relationship of your spouse, of your minor child, of a relative living in your immediate household or of anyone who is legally your partner that you are aware of.
• Other relationships, such as close personal friendship, that you think might tend to affect your judgement or be seen as doing so by a reasonable person familiar with the relationship.

Note that these rules were last changed in May of 2009. In other words, they have remained unchanged for more than 15 years. Any claim of ignorance of the rules is moot and cannot be used as a defense.

We also want to communicate to the authors and the community as a whole that we, the IEEE VIS leadership, take these concerns with the utmost gravity and will pursue transgressions diligently. Please keep this in mind as the review requests begin to trickle in this spring.

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Dear VIS Community,

We are excited to announce an important initiative aimed at enhancing how we govern and support the evolution of the VIS conference. In response to the voices and concerns raised by the community, we are launching an experiment: reVISe 1.1.

Why this experiment? Some context.

The current structure of our conference organization and governance is a result of the unique history of the IEEE visualization community. The original IEEE Visualization conference came from researchers active in computer graphics in the 1980s who were developing and applying graphics techniques to spatial datasets. Through the 1990s and 2000s the conference was dominated by research focused on ways to visualize 2D and 3D volumes – what we later termed SciVis. During this period, researchers from HCI and human-factors working with non-spatial data began to engage with the conference through the IEEE InfoVis symposium, a co-located symposium which focused on non-spatial techniques and user evaluation methods. In 2006, the IEEE VAST symposium (visual analytics science and technology) was co-located with the conference, driven by researchers focused on bringing analytics and visualization techniques together.

These three somewhat separate research communities – SciVis, InfoVis, and VAST – came together for the first time as co-equal parallel tracks at the main conference in 2007, with the new multi-community conference going on to be called IEEE Vis Week. Each of the three tracks had their own scientific leadership and research content, with the work of overall conference planning and organizing being done by conference organizers and the VIS Executive Committee (VEC); the conference organization and VEC were filled equally by researchers drawn from the three communities to ensure each track was sufficiently represented. This separate-but-equal organization continued for some years until calls for a more unified conference organization resulted in the original reVISe committee, which over six years worked to bring together SciVis, InfoVis, and VAST into a single community. The V-I-S letters in IEEE VIS are a nod to these 3 original tracks.

The model developed by the reVISe 1.0 committee was implemented in 2020 for the 2021 conference, and remains the current model for IEEE VIS. It includes the area model for papers, the VEC for overseeing conference organization, and the VIS Steering Committee (VSC) for longer term steering. The governance bodies and the OC (organizing committee) roles were largely seeded with triplets of people in order to smooth the transition from 3 communities to 1 by ensuring equal representation in the new model. Our governance model remains top-heavy and relatively large because of its evolution from the three-track model.

We think it is a good time to revisit the governance and organizational model of the conference, to shake off unnecessary historic effects, and develop a more nimble, streamlined, and modern conference governance structure. Hence, reVISe 1.1.

Goals of reVISe 1.1

At a high-level, reVISe 1.1 will focus on two key goals:

1. Adapting governance and streamlining structure: We are exploring options that include the possibility of consolidating the current VEC and VSC. This adjustment could help create a more cohesive and efficient governance structure to better support the evolving needs of the VIS community. As part of this effort, we intend to also revisit the structure of the organizing committee to ensure balanced workloads, clear roles and responsibilities, and accountabilities. By streamlining these processes, we hope to empower the many volunteers who make the conference possible.

2. Empowering front-line organizers: We are exploring options to delegate more authority to General Chairs and the Organizing Committee in order to create an environment that fosters experimentation, innovation, and trust. We believe in appointing capable organizers and giving them the autonomy to lead.

Next Steps

We are pleased to share that Arvind Satyanarayan will chair the reVISe 1.1 committee. Arvind, along with a dedicated team of community members, will identify tactical, yet progressive changes to help put VIS on a stronger footing in the coming years. The VSC and the VEC will work together with Arvind to select the committee members, who represent a cross-section of the community (including disciplinary backgrounds, geographies, and seniority).

In the spirit of experimentation guiding this process, we have set an ambitious but achievable timeline:

• By May 2025: The committee will aim to finalize its initial proposal, outlining key changes to governance structures and processes. This includes an initial set of recommendations for a framework for empowering organizers. These changes will allow the VSC to begin the process of appointing the VIS 2026 Organizing Committee (OC) in line with the new plan or portions of it.

• By October 2025: The committee will deliver a complete and detailed proposal for the new governance structure, including implementation steps, by-laws and a process for community feedback and iteration. This ensures the VIS 2026 General Chairs (GCs) can work with the new structure as they plan the conference.

Additionally, reVISe 1.1 will prioritize running an inclusive process and is considering a variety of approaches to ensure the VIS community’s feedback is heard and meaningfully incorporated. We aim to acknowledge the contributions of everyone who has played a significant role in shaping all aspects of the conference program over the years. This process will also include making a deliberate effort to recognize the perspectives of students, junior faculty, and early-career researchers, who might not always see themselves reflected in traditional governance discussions. Our goal is to converge on a shared set of priorities and understanding that charts a path forward for the community as a whole.

This initiative reflects our commitment to evolving and adapting as a community, striving to better serve everyone who makes VIS what it is. We are grateful for your ongoing engagement, insights, and support.

Warm regards,

Members of the VSC: Niklas Elmqvist, Jeff Heer, Kwan-Liu Ma, Miriah Meyer, Michael Sedlmair, Jinwook Seo, Vidya Setlur, Anna Vilanova, Xiaoru Yuan

Members of the VEC: Leilani Battle, Anastasia Bezerianos, Rita Borgo, Matthew Brehmer, Gautum Chaudhary, Daniel Keim, Narges Mahyar, Hendrik Strobelt, Brian Summa, Tatiana von Landesberger

Chair of reVISe 1.1: Arvind Satyanarayan

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